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SCHOOLING: DELAYED EFFECTS?

The AMSTEL Project (Amsterdam Study of the Elderly) is a longitudinal study on cognitive decline and dementia in a population (4039 subjects) between 65 and 85 years of age. Given below are data from that study (taken from J.Clin.Epidemiol.50:1025-1033,1997). Similar data have appeared from Israel, Shanghai, Sweden, Finland, Italy and France.

The highest level of education was taken as a reference.